Stephan Tanneberger (December 27, 1935 – March 5, 2018) was a German oncologist and chemist who held leading positions in cancer research and therapy in the German Democratic Republic (GDR), serving as director of the Zentralinstitut für Krebsforschung (Central Institute of Cancer Research) of the Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR (Academy of Sciences of the German Democratic Republic) from 1974 until 1990. He left Germany in 1991 to work in the field of palliative care for cancer patients in Italy as well as in various countries in the Third World. In 2005, he founded a Center for Peace Work in Anklam in northeast Germany.