The term "wahuni" is a Tanzanian slang term meaning "hooligans." Wahuni refers specifically to youth of the hip-hop generation of the 1990s in Tanzania. The use of such a negative terminology indicates the cultural hostility toward hip-hop within the nation. Tanzanian rapper Professor Jay recounts that "If you rappedduring this time, you were immediately considered a hooligan. Even parentswould not permit their children to rap, or even allow them to listen to someoneelse rap" Tanzanian youth were commonly described with words such as "violent, hostile, and disruptive."