In October 1947 in the Jammu region of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, around 237,000 Muslims were massacred in an ethnic cleansing attempt by the forces of the Dogra State headed by Hari Singh and aided by extremist Hindus and Sikhs so that the Muslims escape to Pakistan along the border. As a result, at the fall of 1947, more than 300,000 refugees had arrived in the Gujranwala and Sialkot regions of Pakistan. Hari Singh’s aim was to alter the demographics of the region by eliminating the Muslim population.