Atanasije II Gavrilović (Serbian Cyrillic: Атанасије II Гавриловић; Skopje, late 17th century – Peć, 1752) was Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch from 1747 to 1752. He was first mentioned in 1741 as the Metropolitan of Skopje. At that time, the throne of Serbian Patriarchate was contested between the Serbs, who were seen as rebels by the Ottomans, and Phanariote Greeks, who were very much loyal to the authorities. In the last Habsburg-Ottoman war of 1737-39, in which Serbs supported Vienna, a major migration northwards into Habsburg territory was led by Serbian Patriarch Arsenije IV. The Ottomans brought Joanikije III, a Greek, to the throne in Peć. During his days all connections with Serbs in the Habsburg Empire were cut. Thus, the election – an Ottoman approval – of a Serb as the h