The Caravelle Manifesto was written in April 1960 as a public criticism of Ngo Dinh Diem by a group of anti-Communist politicians and other Vietnamese notables. The manifesto criticized the Diem regime's restrictions on freedom and pushed for reforms in South Vietnam. Its name was derived from the fact that the signatories of the manifesto presented the document's contents at a press conference held at the Caravelle Hotel in downtown Saigon, Vietnam. from The Pentagon Papers Volume 1, Chapter 5, "Origins of the Insurgency in South Vietnam, 1954-1960 MANIFESTO OF THE EIGHTEEN Mr. President: Policies