Musk-Ox is the debut short novel by Nikolai Leskov, first published in the April, No. 4 1863 issue of Otechestvennye Zapiski. According to the author's inscription, it was written on November 28, 1862, in Paris, France. The text of the novel was drastically changed twice, as it was being prepared for Stories and Sketches by M. Stebnitsky (vol.I, 1867) and the first edition of The Complete Leskov (vol.VI, 1890).