Nothrotherium is an extinct genus of medium-sized ground sloth from South America (Bolivia and Brazil) and North America (Mexico and southwestern United States). It differs from Nothrotheriops in smaller size and differences in skull and hind leg bones, but both genera can be traced back to Hapolops, the genus which both evolved from in different ecological conditions. This genus formerly included the species Nothrotheriops shastensis, which was later moved to Nothrotheriops. These browsing ground sloths consumed roots, stems, seeds, and leaves of various desert plants, such as the yucca and agave.