Dr. Abdul Azis Saleh, a specialist in anthropology and education, was a leader of Indonesian Scouting and served as a member of the World Scout Committee and President of the World Organization of the Scout Movement Asia-Pacific Region. He became involved in the creation of the Gerakan Pramuka Indonesia in 1961 and was a member of the "Group of 5" mandated by President Sukarno, who took the opportunity of the absence of the Minister of Education to build a non-communist youth association. In 1970, he became Gerakan Pramuka Secretary General.