Aerial roots are roots above the ground. They are almost always adventitious. They are found in diverse plant species, including epiphytes such as orchids (Orchidaceae), tropical coastal swamp trees such as mangroves, banyan figs (Ficus subg. Urostigma), the warm-temperate rainforest rata (Metrosideros robusta) and pohutukawa trees of New Zealand (M. excelsa). Vines such as Common Ivy (Hedera helix) and poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans) also have aerial roots.