Alexander Solomon Wiener (March 16, 1907 – November 6, 1976), a lifelong resident of New York City, was recognized internationally for his contributions to medicine. He was a leader in the fields of forensic medicine, serology, and immunogenetics. His pioneer work led to discovery of the Rh factor in 1937, along with Dr. Karl Landsteiner, and subsequently to the development of exchange transfusion methods that saved the lives of countless infants with hemolytic disease of the newborn. He received a Lasker Award for his achievement in 1946.