In 18th-century British politics, the broad bottom government (or broad bottom administration) is a government with cross-party appeal, according (among others) to John Stuart Shaw, "The Political History of Eighteenth-century Scotland", 1999, when he describes the time of the Seven Years' War. When William Pitt and the Duke of Newcastle joined the (Whig) government in 1757, the war increased consent along party lines and enabled a quick integration of the various Whig parties as well as a quickened integration of the Scots into a British nation.