Calvin Maples Cureton (September 1, 1874 – April 8, 1940) was the Chief Justice of the Texas Supreme Court from 1921 to 1940. Born near Walnut Springs in Bosque County, Texas, Cureton's father was a rancher and his grandfather was a pioneer soldier. After the death of his mother when he was five years old, Cureton was raised by his father and grandparents. He studied at the University of Virginia from 1892 to 1893, but a faltering economy forced his return to Texas, where he read law to gain admission to the bar in 1897. He died from chronic heart disease.