Camel spongiform encephalopathy (CSE), commonly known as mad camel disease, is similar to mad cow disease. It was discovered by the Algerian veterinarian Baaissa Babelhadj, Lecturer-researcher Semir Bechir Suheil GAOUAR (university of Tlemcen) and a colleague in Ouargla, in collaboration with Italian researchers. This infection is a form of prion disease (transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, TSE) that affects camels.