Charles Arms Carleton (May 27, 1836 – April 1, 1897) was a Union Army major during the American Civil War and a lieutenant colonel and assistant adjutant-general at the end of the war, who was nominated in 1868 and confirmed in 1869 as a brevet brigadier general of volunteers. On December 8, 1868, President Andrew Johnson nominated Carleton for appointment to the grade of brevet brigadier general of volunteers, to rank from March 13, 1865, and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on February 16, 1869.