A DNA construct is an artificially-designed segment of DNA borne on a vector that can be used to incorporate genetic material into a target tissue or cell. These elements can be as small as a few thousand base pairs (kbp) of DNA carrying a single gene, or as large as hundreds of kbp for large-scale genomic studies. A DNA construct contains a DNA insert, called a transgene, delivered via a transformation vector which allows the insert sequence to be replicated and/or expressed in the target cell. A DNA construct may express wildtype protein, prevent the expression of certain genes by expressing competitors or inhibitors, or express mutant proteins, such as deletion mutations or missense mutations. It can also prevent the expression of certain genes by encoding sequences of protein competito