The Dervish movement (Somali: Dhaqdhaqaaqii Daraawiishta) was a popular movement that built a series of fortifications which they described as Dhulbahante garesas, amidst which the Darawiish (Dervishes) intended to create a polity which included a monarch (Diiriye Guure) and an emir (Sayid Muhammad). Dervish leaders called for independence from the British and Italian colonies on the Somali peninsula, the defeat of Ethiopian forces, the expulsion of Christianity and the establishment of a state amidst these Dervish forts (Dhulbahante garesas). Hassan established a ruling council called the Khususi consisting of Islamic clan leaders and elders, added an adviser from the Ottoman Empire named Muhammad Ali and thus created a multi-clan Islamic movement in what led to the eventual creation of t