Dimitrie Călugăreanu (October 18 [O.S. October 6] 1868)–December 17, 1937) was a Romanian physician, naturalist and physiologist. Călugăreanu was born in Pomârla, Botoșani County; his parents were the possibly illiterate peasants Constantin and Glicheria. After obtaining a scholarship, he attended the natural sciences department of the University of Iași science faculty, from which he graduated in 1894. He then enrolled in the medical faculty of the University of Berlin. In 1902, he received a doctorate in natural sciences from the University of Paris, his thesis topic being research into hemolysis through experimental physiology and physical chemistry. He was an assistant at the University of Iași morphology laboratory from 1894 to 1897.