Domnus apostolicus, contraction of dominus apostolicus (Latin for 'apostolic lord', in a literal translation), is an epithet or title historically applied to popes, especially from the 6th to the 11th centuries, and was sometimes applied to other bishops also. 20th-century English translations of the phrase in the Litany of the Saints use the term "apostolic prelate". The sense-for-sense translation of the term "prelate" shifted in the same Litany of the Saints to "pope" since at least Pope John XXIII's 1959 encyclical Grata recordatio.