This article covers the science, art and industry of cartography by the (especially Dutch-speaking) people of the Low Countries in the early modern period, especially in the early 16th to early 18th centuries. It includes cartography of the Northern Netherlands, Southern Netherlands and Low Countries in general (i.e. history of surveying and creation of maps of modern-day Belgium, Netherlands and Low Countries in general). It also includes Dutch colonial cartography, i.e. cartography in the Dutch overseas world, in the early modern period (especially in the Age of Discovery).