Ecuador competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. It was the nation's fourteenth appearance at the Summer Olympics since its debut in 1924. The Ecuadorian National Olympic Committee (Spanish: Comité Olímpico Ecuatoriano) fielded a team of 38 athletes, 23 men and 15 women, to compete in 13 sports at the Games. It was the nation's largest ever delegation, eclipsing the previous record of 36 athletes who took part at the London Games four years earlier. Athletics had the largest roster with a total of 16 athletes; there was only a single competitor each in sprint canoeing, equestrian eventing, rowing, shooting, and triathlon.