Lithium batteries are primary batteries that use lithium as an anode. This type of battery is also referred to as lithium-ion batteries. Most commonly used for electric vehicles and electronics. The first type of lithium battery was originally created by the British chemist M. Stanley Whittingham in the early 1970s which used titanium and lithium as the electrodes. Unfortunately, this battery had complications from the high prices of titanium as well as the reaction produced a highly unpleasant and toxic scent. It took several attempts with other designs until we have come to todays lithium ion battery, which was modeled after the Whittingham attempt by Akira Yoshino in 1985.