Facts and Logic About the Middle East (FLAME) is a non-profit pro-Israel organization based in San Francisco, California. It was founded by Gerardo Joffe and began as a local chapter of the pro-Israel media watchdog group CAMERA, later becoming an independent organization. Its stated purpose is "the research and publication of the facts regarding developments in the Middle East and exposing false propaganda that might harm the interests of the United States and its allies in that area of the world." Since 1987, it has regularly placed ads that it describes as "monthly hasbarah (educating and clarifying) messages in major publications of general circulation, such as U.S. News and World Report, The New York Times, The Nation, The National Review, The American Spectator, The Washington Times