The total road network in the city's metropolitan area is 2,780 km. With Chennai's vehicular population having experienced a surge in the late 1990s, several flyovers were built to reduce the traffic congestion in the city, thus making it the City of Flyovers. Of about ₹ 15,600 million invested by the state government between 2005 and 2014, Chennai cornered a major chunk of the investment. As of 2017, there are 35 functional flyovers in the city and around 150 bridges including 12 rail over bridges, catering to the city's vehicular population of about 5.3 million, including about 1.2 million cars. In addition, more than 36 flyovers are in the pipeline.