The Frenkel brothers were three Egyptian Jewish brothers – Herschel Frenkel (1902-1972), Shlomo Frenkel (1912-2001), and David Frenkel (1914-1994) – who pioneered animated film in Egypt. Their first successful film, Mafish Fayda (1936), made its protagonist Mish-Mish Effendi the first Arab cartoon star. After Israel's declaration of independence the brothers emigrated to France. There they continued to make films, but without the success they had enjoyed in Egypt. They made over thirty films in total.