Henri-Louis Roger (6 January 1809 – 15 November 1891) was a French pediatrician born in Paris. He studied medicine in Paris, earning his doctorate in 1839 with a dissertation on auscultation titled De l'auscultation et se valeur semiologique. In 1847 he became agrégé at the medical faculty of Paris, and from 1860 was associated with the Hôpital Sainte-Eugénie. Here he focused his efforts on post-mortem investigations of children. In 1862 he became a member of the Académie de Médecine.