Hideo Kanaya (Shinjitai: 金谷 秀夫, Hideo Kanaya, February 3, 1945 – December 19, 2013) was a Japanese professional Grand Prix motorcycle road racer. Kanaya began his Grand Prix career in 1967 and won his first Grand Prix at the 1972 250cc German Grand Prix on a standard Yamaha 250 TD3. In 1973, Kanaya and Jarno Saarinen raced the first four-cylinder, two-stroke Yamaha YZR500 0W20 in the 500cc world championship, and water cooled YZR250 0W17 in the 250cc world championship. After Saarinen's death in the 250cc race at the Italian Grand Prix at Monza, Yamaha decided to with draw its factory team from the remainder of the 1973 season and Hideo Kanaya was sent back to Japan.