Ion Țurai (January 17, 1907–September 21, 1970) was a Romanian surgeon and anatomist. Born in Bucharest, he studied at the and graduated in 1933 with a thesis written under Francisc Rainer. He practiced surgery at the Brâncovenesc Hospital and then at military hospitals in Târgoviște and Bucharest. From 1948 to 1970 he was a professor of practice at the Floreasca Hospital, specializing in emergency medical care. In 1951 Țurai was ordered to Korea to provide medical assistance to the communist forces during the Korean War; according to a CIA report from that time, he tried to avoid going by producing a medical certificate, but his request was denied.