James W. Bourque, PC (December 17, 1935 – October 19, 1996) was a First Nations activist, who in 1992 became one of the few Canadians ever appointed to the Queen's Privy Council for Canada who had not previously served in an elected political office. Born in Wandering River, Alberta, Bourque was of Cree and Métis background. At the age of 18 he was elected president of the hunters and trappers association in Fort Chipewyan before working as a park warden in Wood Buffalo National Park from 1955 to 1963. Bourque was also the founder of the Centre for Traditional Knowledge.