Jazz Ost-West was an international jazz festival in Germany, one of the oldest jazz festivals in Europe, founded in Nuremberg in 1966. By 1970 it was attracting over 10,000 people annually. During the Cold War, the festival was first used as a meeting point between jazz musicians from the West and the Soviet bloc, attracting numerous groups from the former Soviet republics and Czechoslovakia. For a long time it was an opportunity for a German audience to learn about the latest developments not only in the U.S. but also in different parts of Europe and the former Soviet Union. In the 1990s however, the festival lost its importance with the end of the Cold War, and the last festival was performed in 2002.