Julia Pavlovna Petrova-Averkieva (July 24, 1907 – October 9, 1980) was a Soviet anthropologist and string figure collector. A student of Franz Boas, and influenced by Lewis Henry Morgan, she went on to serve as the director of North American Studies at the Institute of Ethnography in Moscow. She compiled the a collection of Kwakwakaʼwakw string figures, which is recognized as "the most comprehensive Native American string figure collection ever assembled from a single tribe [or nation]."