Lazard's universal ring

In mathematics, Lazard's universal ring is a ring introduced by Michel Lazard in over which the universal commutative one-dimensional formal group law is defined. There is a universal commutative one-dimensional formal group law over a universal commutative ring defined as follows. We let be for indeterminates , and we define the universal ring R to be the commutative ring generated by the elements , with the relations that are forced by the associativity and commutativity laws for formal group laws. More or less by definition, the ring R has the following universal property:

Lazard's universal ring

In mathematics, Lazard's universal ring is a ring introduced by Michel Lazard in over which the universal commutative one-dimensional formal group law is defined. There is a universal commutative one-dimensional formal group law over a universal commutative ring defined as follows. We let be for indeterminates , and we define the universal ring R to be the commutative ring generated by the elements , with the relations that are forced by the associativity and commutativity laws for formal group laws. More or less by definition, the ring R has the following universal property: