Misliya cave (Hebrew: מערת מיסליה‎), also known as the "Brotzen Cave" after who first described it in 1927, is a collapsed cave at Mount Carmel, Israel, containing archaeological layers from the Lower Paleolithic and Middle Paleolithic periods. The site is significant in paleoanthropology for the discovery of what were, from 2018 to 2019, considered to be the earliest known remains attributed to Homo sapiens outside of Africa at that time, dated to 185,000 years ago. Prior to this, since the time of its discovery in 2011, Jebel Faya in the U.A.E. was considered to be the oldest settlement of anatomically modern humans outside of Africa, with its deepest assemblage being dated to 125,000 years ago.