Noach (Nojach) Pryłucki or Noach Prilutski (1 October 1882 in Berdichev – 12 August 1941 in Vilnius) was a Jewish Polish politician from the Folkspartei. He was also a Yiddish linguist, philologist, lawyer and scholar of considerable renown. Pryłucki was a respected attorney and was said to have had "leadership over the scattered (non-Zionist) national clubs, societies, and groups". After Soviet forces took Vilna in January 1941, he was appointed the head of the YIVO Institute. He was murdered by the Gestapo in Vilnius (Wilno) in August 1941.