Paul Éluard (French: [elɥar]), born Eugène Émile Paul Grindel ([ɡʁɛ̃dɛl]; 14 December 1895 – 18 November 1952), was a French poet and one of the founders of the Surrealist movement. In 1916, he chose the name Paul Éluard, a patronymic borrowed from his maternal grandmother. He adheres to Dadaism and becomes one of the pillars of surrealism by opening the way to artistic action politically committed to the Communist Party.