Recumbirostra is a clade of tetrapods which lived during the Carboniferous and Permian periods. It includes the families Pantylidae, Gymnarthridae, Ostodolepidae, Rhynchonkidae and Brachystelechidae, with additional families such as Microbrachidae and Molgophidae being included by some authors. Recumbirostra was erected as a clade in 2007 to include many of the taxa traditionally grouped in "Microsauria", which has since been shown to be a paraphyletic or polyphyletic grouping. Like other "microsaurs", the recumbirostrans have traditionally been considered to be members of the subclass Lepospondyli; however, phylogenetic analyses conducted by Pardo, Szostakiwskyj and Anderson (2015) and Pardo et al. (2017) recovered them as early-branching sauropsid amniotes instead.