Richard Thompson (died 1735), of Coley, Reading, Berkshire, was a merchant in Jamaica and a Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1720 and 1734. Thompson was the son of William Thompson and his wife Elizabeth. He owned a sugar plantation in Jamaica, maintained by many slaves. He became a colonel in the Jamaica militia and a member of the Jamaica assembly. From 1704 to 1711 he was a member of the council of Jamaica. In February 1711 he told the Board of Trade that he did not intend to return to Jamaica and was replaced on the local council. He married Jane Nicoll, and bought the manors of Whitley and Coley on the outskirts of Reading in 1727.