The Rochelle Downtown Historic District is a national historic district in downtown Rochelle, Illinois. The district includes 56 buildings, most of which are commercial buildings. Commercial development in Rochelle began in the 1850s, but several fires burned down all of the earliest buildings; the oldest surviving buildings in the district were built in 1871. Development in the district continued through the mid-twentieth century. While a variety of architectural styles can be found in the district, Italianate and vernacular commercial designs are the most common. Noteworthy non-commercial buildings in the district include the City and Town Hall, U.S. Post Office, Masonic Temple, and Chicago & North Western Railway depot.