Sankar Ghosh is an Indian-American immunologist, microbiologist, and biochemist, who is the Chairman and Silverstein & Hutt Family Professor of the Department of Microbiology & Immunology at Columbia University Medical Center. Ghosh is most well known for his pioneering research on the activation of cellular responses via NF-κB, a transcription factor that plays a critical role in regulating the expression of a large number of genes involved in the mammalian immune system. Ghosh’s research led to the first cloning and characterization of NF-kB and IkB proteins, including the demonstration of the role of IkB phosphorylation in the activation of NF-kB.