The Book of Curiosities (Arabic: Kitāb Gharā’ib al-funūn wa-mulaḥ al-ʿuyūn, literally translated as The Book of Curiosities of the Sciences and Marvels for the Eyes) is an anonymously authored 11th century Fatimid Arabic cosmography containing a series of early illustrated maps of the world and celestial diagrams of the universe and sky. The Book of Curiosities contains 17 maps in total, 14 of which are extremely rare not only in Islamic cartography but also in greater medieval map history. The cosmography includes the earliest recorded map of Sicily as well as a rectangular world map, considered the earliest surviving map with a graphic scale. The original treatise has not survived, but the Bodleian Library of Oxford University acquired one of the only known copies of the manuscript in 20