The Penguin Book of Modern Australian Poetry (Published in the U. K. by Bloodaxe Books as The Bloodaxe Book of Modern Australian Poetry) is a major anthology of twentieth century Australian poetry. Edited by poets and John Tranter it was published by Penguin Australia in 1991. Aside from the usual criticisms any such anthology will produce, it raised some eyebrows at the time for its inclusion of all the Ern Malley hoax poems. It might be claimed there is no accepted canon of contemporary Australian poetry and this book is the (uncontroversial and arguably comprehensive) selection of its editors.