The Upuaut Project was a scientific exploration of the so-called "air shafts" of the Great Pyramid of Cheops at the Giza Plateau, which was built as a tomb for Fourth Dynasty pharaoh Khufu. The Upuaut Project was led by under the auspices of the German Archaeological Institute in Cairo during three campaigns (two in 1992 and one in 1993). According to Bauval, it was "marshalled into two stages: the first stage, to improve ventilation in the Great Pyramid using the shafts in the King's Chamber, and the second stage to explore the presumed 'abandoned' shafts in the Queen's Chambers." The latter was accomplished by sending a miniature mobile robot designed by Rudolph Gantenbrink, named Upuaut-2, into the shafts.