The Vilela people, or Vilelas, are an indigenous people in Argentina. Today, their few remaining descendants live primarily in the provinces of Chaco and Santiago del Estero, with smaller numbers in the Rosario and Buenos Aires urban areas. In the province of Chaco, the Vilelas live together with the Toba (or Qom) people in communities such as the Colonia Aborigen Chaco (Chaco Aboriginal Colony). They also reside in rural areas and at the periphery of large cities such as Resistencia, Sáenz Peña, Machagai, and Quitilipi. In Santiago del Estero Province, the Vilela people live in their own communities as well as in communities shared with the Lule people, with whom they are closely related and share a language family.