Antônio José Ferreira Viçoso, C.M., (13 May 1787 - 7 July 1875) was a Portuguese Vincentian missionary bishop who served for many years in Brazil. There he worked to establish the institutions of the Catholic Church on a solid basis, opposing efforts by the government to control the workings of the Church, and to serve the needs of the poor of his diocese. In the face of strong opposition, he ordained the first black slave in the history of the Church to become a Catholic priest.