The History of the Jews in Southern Central Italy is at least 2000 years old and now covers the modern provences of Campania, Molise, and Basilicata. This area, which is a mix of mountains and rich fertile plains, is south of Rome but north of Calabria and Apulia. Most of the Jewish communities were settled in the Roman Era by Jewish merchants or by Jewish captives after the fall of Jerusalem in the year 70. However, the region was mostly abandoned by the Jews by middle of the 16th century. Today, only the city on Naples has a Jewish population. And, unlike the southern provences, there seems to be no interest by neofiti descendants to revive the Jewish faith.