The ambush of the steamboat J.R. Williams was a military engagement during the American Civil War. It took place on May 10, 1864 on the Arkansas River in Indian Territory which became encompassed by the State of Oklahoma. It is popularly termed the "only naval battle" in that landlocked state. It was a successful Confederate attack on the Union Army's lines of supply. The Confederate forces were Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw and Creek Indians led by General Stand Watie, who was a Cherokee.