The Battle of Nanpēng Archipelago was a battle fought between the Chinese nationalists and the communists over the islands of the Nanpēng Archipelago (南澎列島, Nanpeng Liedao) off the Cantonese coast during the Chinese Civil War that resulted in communist victory. The Nanpēng Archipelago is a small island chain in Nan'ao County off the coast of Shantou, and is named after the largest island, Nanpēng island (Nanpēng Dao, 南澎岛), home to a fishing community of more than 400 people. The archipelago was deemed not important for most of the Chinese Civil War and the nationalists therefore did not deploy any troops on the island, and when Guangdong fell into the communist hands, the archipelago also fell. The communists believed the same thing the nationalists had believed and did not deploy any troo