Various anarchists and libertarians use non-politics (sometimes called anti-politics), an idea of aversion in political reform. As suggested by voluntaryists and agorists, they maintain the counter-productivity of political methods to achieve a free society. Samuel Edward Konkin III opposed all political strategies, which he saw as gradualist. In his New Libertarian Manifesto, he explained on the counter-productivity of political approaches and advised a non-political strategy called agorism. Konkin advocated direct action, including civil disobedience, to dismantle the state. Many voluntaryists, who also oppose politics, maintain that using politics strengthens the state.