Anacardium othonianum is a tree native from the tropical savanna (cerrado) region of Brazil, whose fruit is similar to (but smaller than) that of the common cashew tree (A. occidentale) of the Brazilian Northeast. It is locally known by the Tupi-derived name cajuí, and by the Portuguese names caju-de-árvore-do-cerrado ("tree cashew of the cerrado"), caju-vermelho-de-goiás ("red cashew from Goiás"), cajuzinho-do-cerrado or just cajuzinho ("little cashew"). The species name honors Brazilian botanist Othon Xavier de Brito Machado.