Euphyllophytina, the euphyllophytes, is a taxon – sometimes unranked, sometimes placed at the rank of subdivision – within the tracheophytes. The euphyllophytes comprise one of two major lineages of extant vascular plants. As shown in the cladogram below, the euphyllophytes have a sister relationship to the subdivision Lycopodiophyta or lycopsids. Unlike the lycopsids, which consist of relatively few presently living or extant taxa, the euphyllophytes comprise the vast majority of vascular plant lineages that have evolved since both groups shared a common ancestor more than 400 million years ago. The euphyllophytes consist of two lineages, the Spermatophytes or seed plants such as flowering plants (angiosperms) and gymnosperms (conifers and related groups), and the Monilophytes or ferns, a