The Quaker Mill Company of Ravenna, Ohio (founded 1877), which held the trademark on the Quaker name and was acquired in 1901 by Henry Parsons Crowell, who In the 1850s, Ferdinand Schumacher and Robert Stuart founded oat mills. Schumacher founded the German Mills American Oatmeal Company, in Akron, Ohio and Stuart founded the North Star Mills in Ontario, Canada. In 1870, Shumacher ran his first known cereal advertisement in the Akron Beacon Journal newspaper. In Ravenna, Ohio, on 4 September 1877, the first trademark for a breakfast cereal, "a man in 'Quaker garb'", was applied for by Henry Seymour, owner of the Quaker Mill Company.